;;; -*- Mode: Lisp; Package: System-Internals -*-
;	** (c) Copyright 1980 Massachusetts Institute of Technology **

;a CLASS-SYMBOL is the name by which the user refers to the class.  It usually
;	has a -CLASS suffix.  Its value is
;       a DTP-ENTITY which is an instance of CLASS-CLASS.  Instances of CLASS-CLASS
;       contain a NAME, a CLASS-SYMBOL, and a CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (and some others
;	as well).  The NAME is used for printing out, and usually does not contain
;	the -CLASS suffix.
;an INSTANCE is a closure of some INSTANCE-VARIABLES and whose functional
;	component is a CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL.
;a CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL is usually a gensym created at class definition time.
;   The value of the CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL is a DTP-ENTITY which is an instance of
;       CLASS-CLASS.  This is initially the identical instance which is in the
;	value cell of the CLASS-SYMBOL, however, if the class is redefined
;	(ie a new DEFCLASS done), the CLASS-SYMBOL will change, while the
;	current CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL will not change, and instead a new one will be made.
;   The function cell of the CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL is a DTP-SELECT-METHOD which holds
;       the methods of the class.

;When DEFCLASS is done, a new CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL is always created.  Any instances
;of the old class will be unaffected since they close over the old CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL.
;The system attempts to alter the NAME of the old class so the user will
;be warned if he has one of these floating around.

;  Methods can be defined local to a  particular instance (as opposed to its class)
;by DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE.  However, it is assumed to be fairly rare to want to do this,
;and we dont want to garbage up all instances on this account.  
; Accordingly, the first time this is
;done for a particular instance, a phantom CLASS is created which is a subclass
;of the original class.  The instance is then transmuted to the phantom class.
;Phantom classes have the :PHANTOM-CLASS property on the property list of the
;CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (for extra connectedness, the value of this property is the
;instance).

;With this new scheme, LISP-OBJECT-CLASS can eventually be flushed in favor of
; regular instances of CLASS-CLASS with special NEW methods.

;A CLASS is held on a lisp symbol, specially created for the purpose.
;  The function cell of the symbol contains the DTP-SELECT-METHOD for the class.

(DECLARE (SPECIAL CLASS-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS SELF))

(DECLARE (SPECIAL PRINT-ENTITY-ADDRESSES-FLAG))
(SETQ PRINT-ENTITY-ADDRESSES-FLAG T)

(DEFMACRO ENTITY (CLOSED-VARS-LIST FCTN)
  `(%MAKE-POINTER DTP-ENTITY (CLOSURE ,CLOSED-VARS-LIST ,FCTN)))

;Various functions for sending messages to an instance.

(DEFUN <- (LOCAL-SELF MSG-KEY &REST REST)
  (COND ((ENTITYP LOCAL-SELF)		 ;Bum to speed ENTITY case
         (LEXPR-FUNCALL LOCAL-SELF MSG-KEY REST))
	((= (%DATA-TYPE LOCAL-SELF) DTP-INSTANCE)
         (LEXPR-FUNCALL LOCAL-SELF MSG-KEY REST))
        (T (LET ((SELF LOCAL-SELF))      ;Avoid binding special var unless necessary.
	     (LEXPR-FUNCALL (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL SELF) MSG-KEY REST)))))  ;slight speed bum.

;<<-- sends an object several messages in succession, as in
;(<<-- TVOB (:EDGES<- LEFT TOP RIGHT BOTTOM) (:CLOBBER) (:UPDATE))
(DEFMACRO <<-- (OBJ . MESSAGES)
    `(PROGN . ,(MAPCAR 'APPEND (CIRCULAR-LIST `(<- ,OBJ)) MESSAGES)))

;(<-AS TVOB ':UPDATE) sends SELF the message ':UPDATE but handles it
;as if SELF were of class TVOB instead of its actual class.
;It is useful in definitions of methods of subclasses of TVOB.
;It is also useful in methods of TVOB, since SELF is not rebound.
;The specified class must be a constant.
;Caveat: Doesn't check to see if TVOB is a superclass of SELF's class.
;Other Caveat: always refers to the most recent class definition of TVOB.

(DEFMACRO <-AS (CLASS-SYMBOL . MESSAGE)
    `(FUNCALL (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE ,CLASS-SYMBOL 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL) . ,MESSAGE))

;(DEFUN <-AS (CLASS-SYMBOL &REST MESSAGE)
;   (LEXPR-FUNCALL (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE CLASS-SYMBOL 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL) MESSAGE))

(DEFUN UNCLAIMED-MESSAGE (KEY &REST REST)  ;GET TO HERE VIA TAIL POINTER ON OBJECT-CLASS
  (FERROR NIL "The object ~S received a ~S message, which went unclaimed.
The rest of the message was ~S~%" SELF KEY REST))

;CLASS of any object returns the actual class of that object, an instance of class CLASS.
;  It gets this by SYMEVALing the CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL.
;CLASS-SYMBOL of an object returns the class-symbol.  It pulls this out of the CLASS.
;  This function should rarely be used.
;CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL returns a symbol whose function cell holds the select-method.
;  If an entity, the CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL is its storage-wise CAR.
; new scheme: this is always different from CLASS-SYMBOL.
;-- this can be different from CLASS-SYMBOL in the case of instances which have 
;-- their own methods.

(DEFUN CLASS (OBJ)
   (SYMEVAL (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL OBJ)))

(DEFUN CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (OBJ)
  (COND ((ENTITYP OBJ) (CAR (%MAKE-POINTER DTP-LIST OBJ)))
	((FIXP OBJ) (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE FIXNUM-CLASS 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
	((SYMBOLP OBJ) (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE SYMBOL-CLASS 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
	((FLOATP OBJ) (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE FLONUM-CLASS 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
	((AND (NAMED-STRUCTURE-P OBJ)
	      (OR (LET ((C (IF (ARRAY-HAS-LEADER-P OBJ)
			       (ARRAY-LEADER OBJ 1)
			       (AREF OBJ 0))))
		    (AND (EQ (TYPEP C) 'CLOSURE) C))
		  (GET (NAMED-STRUCTURE-SYMBOL OBJ) 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))))
	((ARRAYP OBJ) (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE ARRAY-CLASS 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
	((NOT (ATOM OBJ)) (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE CONS-CLASS 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
	(T (FERROR NIL "NO CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL APPLIES ~S" OBJ))))

(DEFUN CLASS-SYMBOL (OBJ)
  (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE (SYMEVAL (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL OBJ)) 'CLASS-SYMBOL))

(DEFUN CLASS-NAME (OBJ)
  (PROG (CSM)
        (SETQ CSM (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL OBJ))
     L	(COND ((GET CSM ':PHANTOM-CLASS)
               (SETQ CSM (<- (<- (SYMEVAL CSM) ':SUPERCLASS)
                             ':CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))
               (GO L)))
        (RETURN (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE (SYMEVAL CSM) 'NAME))))

(DEFUN IMMEDIATE-CLASS-NAME (OBJ)
  (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE (SYMEVAL (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL OBJ)) 'NAME))

;; Is SYM a class-symbol?
(DEFUN CLASS-SYMBOLP (SYM)
  (AND (BOUNDP SYM)
       (ENTITYP (SYMEVAL SYM))
       (SUBCLASS-OF-CLASSP (CLASS (SYMEVAL SYM))
				  CLASS-CLASS)))

;; Is SUBCLASS a subclass of any class whose class symbol is CLASS-SYMBOL?
(DEFUN SUBCLASS-OF-CLASS-SYMBOL-P (SUBCLASS CLASS-SYMBOL)
  (OR (EQ (<- SUBCLASS ':CLASS-SYMBOL) CLASS-SYMBOL)
      (LET ((SC (<- SUBCLASS ':SUPERCLASS)))
	(COND ((OR (NULL SC)
		   (EQ SC SUBCLASS))
	       NIL)
	      ((ENTITYP SC)
	       (SUBCLASS-OF-CLASS-SYMBOL-P SC CLASS-SYMBOL))
	      (T (DOLIST (SC1 SC)
		   (COND ((SUBCLASS-OF-CLASS-SYMBOL-P SC1 CLASS-SYMBOL)
			  (RETURN T)))))))))

;; Is SUBCLASS a subclass of CLASS?
(DEFUN SUBCLASS-OF-CLASSP (SUBCLASS CLASS)
  (OR (EQ SUBCLASS CLASS)
      (LET ((SC (<- SUBCLASS ':SUPERCLASS)))
	(COND ((OR (NULL SC)
		   (EQ SC SUBCLASS))
	       NIL)
	      ((ENTITYP SC)
	       (SUBCLASS-OF-CLASSP SC CLASS))
	      (T (DOLIST (SC1 SC)
		   (COND ((SUBCLASS-OF-CLASSP SC1 CLASS)
			  (RETURN T)))))))))

(DEFUN SUBINSTANCE-OF-CLASSP (ENT CLASS)
  (AND (ENTITYP ENT) (SUBCLASS-OF-CLASSP (CLASS ENT) CLASS)))

(DEFUN SUBINSTANCE-OF-CLASS-SYMBOL-P (ENT CLASS-SYMBOL)
  (AND (ENTITYP ENT) (SUBCLASS-OF-CLASS-SYMBOL-P (CLASS ENT) CLASS-SYMBOL)))

(DEFUN ALL-SUBCLASSES-OF-CLASS (CLASS &OPTIONAL SO-FAR)
    (DOLIST (CL (<- CLASS ':IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
      (COND ((NOT (MEMQ CL SO-FAR))
             (SETQ SO-FAR (CONS CL SO-FAR))
             (SETQ SO-FAR (ALL-SUBCLASSES-OF-CLASS CL SO-FAR)))))
    SO-FAR)

(DEFUN MAP-CLASS-HIERARCHY (FCTN &OPTIONAL (CLASS OBJECT-CLASS))
  (FUNCALL FCTN CLASS)
  (DOLIST (CL (<- CLASS ':IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
    (MAP-CLASS-HIERARCHY FCTN CL)))

;Here are some random functions for poking around in ENTITYs.

;RETURNS LIST OF VARIABLES CLOSED BY A ENTITY
(DEFUN CLOSURE-VARIABLES (CLOSURE)
   (CHECK-ARG CLOSURE (OR (ENTITYP CLOSURE) (CLOSUREP CLOSURE)) "an entity or a closure")
   (DO ((L (CDR (%MAKE-POINTER DTP-LIST CLOSURE)) (CDDR L))
        (ANS NIL (CONS (%MAKE-POINTER-OFFSET DTP-SYMBOL (CAR L) -1) ANS)))
       ((NULL L) ANS)))

;RETURNS ALIST OF VARIABLES CLOSED AND THEIR CURRENT CLOSED-OVER VALUE.
(DEFUN CLOSURE-ALIST (CLOSURE)
   (CHECK-ARG CLOSURE (OR (ENTITYP CLOSURE) (CLOSUREP CLOSURE)) "an entity or a closure")
   (DO ((L (CDR (%MAKE-POINTER DTP-LIST CLOSURE)) (CDDR L))
        (ANS NIL (CONS (CONS (%MAKE-POINTER-OFFSET DTP-SYMBOL (CAR L) -1)
                             (CAADR L))
                       ANS)))
       ((NULL L) ANS)))

(DEFUN CLOSURE-COPY (CLOSURE &AUX CLOSURE1)
   (CHECK-ARG CLOSURE (OR (ENTITYP CLOSURE) (CLOSUREP CLOSURE)) "an entity or a closure")
   (SETQ CLOSURE1 (%MAKE-POINTER DTP-LIST CLOSURE))
   (LET ((ANS (MAKE-LIST DEFAULT-CONS-AREA (LENGTH CLOSURE1))))
     (RPLACA ANS (CAR CLOSURE1))		;CLOSE OVER SAME FCTN
     (DO ((L (CDR CLOSURE1) (CDDR L))
          (N (CDR ANS) (CDDR N)))
         ((NULL L) (%MAKE-POINTER (%DATA-TYPE CLOSURE) ANS))
       (RPLACA N (CAR L))  ;SAME INTERNAL VALUE CELL
       (LET ((NEW-EXVC (MAKE-LIST DEFAULT-CONS-AREA 1)))
	 (RPLACA NEW-EXVC (CAR (CADR L)))
	 (RPLACA (CDR N) NEW-EXVC)))))

;Macros for defining classes.

;Define a class of named structures.
;You must give the class name sans "-CLASS", since that will be used
;as the named-structure-symbol.
(DEFMACRO DEFSTRUCTCLASS (CL SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL)
    (LET ((CLASS-SYMBOL (CLASS-HOLDER CL)))
        `(PROGN 'COMPILE
	    (DECLARE (SPECIAL ,CLASS-SYMBOL))
	    (DEFCLASS-1 ,CLASS-SYMBOL ,SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL NIL)
            (DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (,CLASS-SYMBOL :NEW) (&REST IGNORE)
                   (FERROR NIL "The class ~S does not handle NEW messages" ,CLASS-SYMBOL))
	    (PUTPROP ',CL
		     (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE ,CLASS-SYMBOL 'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL)
		     'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))))

;Should be flushed ... 
(DEFUN CLASS-HOLDER (CL)
  (COND ((ATOM CL)
	 (INTERN (STRING-APPEND CL "-CLASS")))
	(T (MAPCAR (FUNCTION CLASS-HOLDER) CL))))

;Define a class of ENTITYs.  The superclass must be specified.
;Also, you must specify the names of the instance-variables
;(in addition to those which are inherited from the superclass,
;which you should not mention again).
(DEFMACRO DEFCLASS (CLASS-SYMBOL SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL INSTANCE-PATTERN
			    &OPTIONAL (ACCESSOR-METHODS T))
    `(PROGN 'COMPILE (SPECIAL ,CLASS-SYMBOL)
	    (EVAL-WHEN (COMPILE)
		  (PUSH ',*MACROARG* LOCAL-DECLARATIONS))
	    (DEFCLASS-1 ,CLASS-SYMBOL ,SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL ,INSTANCE-PATTERN)
            . ,(COND (ACCESSOR-METHODS
                      (MAKE-ACCESSOR-METHODS CLASS-SYMBOL INSTANCE-PATTERN)))))

;Should only be called from above macro.
(DEFUN MAKE-ACCESSOR-METHODS (CLASS-SYMBOL INSTANCE-PATTERN &AUX RES)
    (DOLIST (L INSTANCE-PATTERN)
      (SETQ RES
            (NCONC RES
                   `((DEFMETHOD (,CLASS-SYMBOL ,(INTERN (STRING-APPEND L "<-") "USER"))
                                (A)
                                (SETQ ,L A))))))
    (DOLIST (L INSTANCE-PATTERN)
      (SETQ RES
            (NCONC RES
                   `((DEFMETHOD (,CLASS-SYMBOL ,(INTERN (STRING L) "USER"))
                                ()
                                ,L)))))
    RES)
                                               
;Should only be called from above macros.
; Makes an instance of CLASS-CLASS
(DEFUN DEFCLASS-1 (&QUOTE CLASS-SYMBOL SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL INSTANCE-PATTERN)
 (LET ((SUPERCLASS (COND ((ATOM SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL)
			  (SYMEVAL SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL))
			 (T (MAPCAR (FUNCTION SYMEVAL)
				    SUPERCLASS-SYMBOL)))))
  ;Dont redefine class if it is already defined with same instance variables.
  (COND ((OR (NOT (BOUNDP CLASS-SYMBOL))  
	     (NOT (ENTITYP (SYMEVAL CLASS-SYMBOL)))
	     (NOT (EQUAL (<- (SYMEVAL CLASS-SYMBOL) ':INSTANCE-PATTERN)
			 (UNION INSTANCE-PATTERN
				(COND ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS)
				       (<-  SUPERCLASS ':INSTANCE-PATTERN))
				      (T (APPLY 'UNION
						(MAPCAR (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (SC)
							    (<- SC ':INSTANCE-PATTERN)))
							SUPERCLASS))))))))
	 (<- CLASS-CLASS ':NEW
	     'CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-SYMBOL			;NAME is set in the :BORN method now
	     'INSTANCE-PATTERN INSTANCE-PATTERN
	     'SUPERCLASS SUPERCLASS
	     'CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER
	     (COND ((CLASS-SYMBOLP CLASS-SYMBOL)
		    (1+ (<- (SYMEVAL CLASS-SYMBOL) ':CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER)))
		   (T 0)))))))

;Funny form of DEFCLASS.  Used only to bootstrap classes CLASS-CLASS and OBJECT-CLASS before
; mechanism necessary to make NEW message work is set up.  Does not set up the
; value of SUPERCLASS because that cant be done until CLASS-CLASS and OBJECT-CLASS exist.
(DEFUN DEFCLASS-BOOTSTRAP (&QUOTE NM C-S METHOD-TAIL VARIABLES)
       (COND ((BOUNDP C-S) NIL)
	     (T
	      (LOCAL-DECLARE ((SPECIAL NAME CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL
				       INSTANCE-PATTERN SUPERCLASS
				       CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
		(LET ((NAME NM)
		      (CLASS-SYMBOL C-S)
		      (CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (GENSYM))
		      (INSTANCE-PATTERN VARIABLES)
		      (SUPERCLASS NIL)
                      (CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER 0)
                      (IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST NIL))
		   (FSET CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL METHOD-TAIL)
		   (SET CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL
		    (SET CLASS-SYMBOL
			 (ENTITY '(NAME CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL
					SUPERCLASS INSTANCE-PATTERN
                                        CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST)
				 (COND ((EQ CLASS-SYMBOL 'CLASS-CLASS)
					CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL)
				       (T (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE CLASS-CLASS
							      'CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL))))))
		   (DEFINE-ACCESSOR-METHODS CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL VARIABLES))))))

;Define for a class of named structures a method which
;simply returns the value of a particular component.
(DEFMACRO TRIVIAL-ACCESS (CLASS COMPONENT)
    `(DEFMETHOD (,CLASS ,(INTERN (STRING COMPONENT) "USER")) ()
		(,(INTERN (STRING-APPEND CLASS "-" COMPONENT)) SELF)))

(PROGN 'COMPILE ;Dont return any ENTITIES to READ-EVAL-PRINT loop until object printer
		; in place to handle them.
;CLASS must be first use of DEFCLASS, since that uses the value of CLASS-CLASS,
;and magically wins if it is setting that value, but loses if it is simply unbound.
;  METHOD-TAIL is to be the CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL for OBJECT-CLASS, which doesnt
;exist yet.
(DEFCLASS-BOOTSTRAP CLASS CLASS-CLASS NIL (NAME CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL
					  INSTANCE-PATTERN SUPERCLASS
                                          CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))

;Now that CLASS-CLASS is bound, we can create the class OBJECT.
;It is funny, because if you ask for its superclass, you get it itself;
;but in fact the superclass in the select-method is UNCLAIMED-MESSAGE.
(DEFCLASS-BOOTSTRAP OBJECT OBJECT-CLASS UNCLAIMED-MESSAGE ())

(SET-IN-CLOSURE OBJECT-CLASS 'SUPERCLASS OBJECT-CLASS)
(SET-IN-CLOSURE CLASS-CLASS  'SUPERCLASS OBJECT-CLASS)  ;finish linking up. 
(SET-METHOD-SUPERCLASS (<- CLASS-CLASS ':CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL)
                       OBJECT-CLASS)  ;FILL IN WHERE LEFT BLANK.
(COND ((NULL (SYMEVAL-IN-CLOSURE OBJECT-CLASS 'IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
       (SET-IN-CLOSURE OBJECT-CLASS 'IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST (LIST CLASS-CLASS))))

(EVAL-WHEN (COMPILE)
  (PUSH '(DEFCLASS CLASS-CLASS
                   OBJECT-CLASS
                   (NAME CLASS-SYMBOL CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL
                         INSTANCE-PATTERN SUPERCLASS
                         CLASS-VERSION-NUMBER IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
        LOCAL-DECLARATIONS)
  (PUSH '(DEFCLASS OBJECT-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS ())
        LOCAL-DECLARATIONS))

;Now define the method for NEW, for creating instances of ENTITY classes,
;and related methods.
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :NEW) (&REST REST)
    (LET ((NEWGUY 
	   (LET ((CMS CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL)  ;AVOID SCREW WHEN MAKING INSTANCES OF CLASS-CLASS
		 (**VN** INSTANCE-PATTERN))
		(PROGV **VN** (MAKE-LIST DEFAULT-CONS-AREA (LENGTH **VN**))
		       (DO ((R REST (CDDR R))
			    (V))
			   ((NULL R))
			 (COND ((SETQ V (CAR (MEM (FUNCTION STRING-EQUAL) (CAR R) **VN**)))
				(SET V (CADR R)))
			       (T (FERROR NIL 
					  "The class ~S has no variable ~A" SELF (CAR R)))))
		       (ENTITY **VN** CMS)))))
	 (<- NEWGUY ':BORN)
	 NEWGUY))
(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :BORN) () NIL)

;Now define appropriate methods for creating a new class using a NEW message.
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :BORN) ()
  (OR CLASS-SYMBOL (FERROR NIL "CLASS-SYMBOL must be specified when creating a class"))
  (SET CLASS-SYMBOL SELF)
  (OR CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (SETQ CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL (GENSYM)))
  (SET CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL SELF)
  (COND ((NULL NAME)
         (SETQ NAME (MAKE-CLASS-NAME CLASS-SYMBOL))))
	;SUPERCLASS IS AN ENTITY OR LIST OF ENTITIES.
  (SET-METHOD-SUPERCLASS CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL SUPERCLASS)
  (SETQ INSTANCE-PATTERN
	(UNION INSTANCE-PATTERN
               (COND ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS)
                      (<-  SUPERCLASS ':INSTANCE-PATTERN))
                     (T (APPLY 'UNION
                               (MAPCAR (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (SC)
                                                         (<- SC ':INSTANCE-PATTERN)))
                                       SUPERCLASS))))))
  (COND ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS)
         (<- SUPERCLASS ':ADD-IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS SELF))
        (T (MAPC (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (SC)
                             (<- SC ':ADD-IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS SELF)))
                 SUPERCLASS)))
  SELF)

(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :ADD-IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS) (CLASS)
  (COND ((NULL (MEMQ CLASS IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST))
         (SETQ IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST (CONS CLASS IMMEDIATE-SUBCLASS-LIST)))))

(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :CLASS-SYMBOL<-) (IGNORE)
  (FERROR NIL "Attempt to change CLASS-SYMBOL of ~S" SELF))

(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :INSTANCE-PATTERN<-) (&REST IGNORE)
  (FERROR NIL "Attempt to change INSTANCE-PATTERN of ~S" SELF))

(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :SUPERCLASS<-) (IGNORE)
 (FERROR NIL "Attempt to change SUPERCLASS of ~S" SELF))

;This can be used only to add a class without instance variables.
; To add one that has instance variables, you must  create a new
;subclass (which can be a phantom subclass if desired).
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :ADD-SUPERCLASS) (SC)
 (COND ((NOT (NULL (<- SC ':INSTANCE-PATTERN)))
	(FERROR NIL "You can't add a superclass that has instance variables ~S" SC))
       (T (SETQ SUPERCLASS (CONS SC (COND ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS) (LIST SUPERCLASS))
					  (T SUPERCLASS))))
	  (SET-METHOD-SUPERCLASS CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL SUPERCLASS))))

;Returns a tree whose leaves are instances of CLASS-CLASS
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :CLASS-CLASS-HIERARCHY) ()
  (CONS SELF (COND ((EQ CLASS-SYMBOL 'OBJECT-CLASS)
                    NIL)
		   ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS)
		    (<- SUPERCLASS ':CLASS-CLASS-HIERARCHY))
		   (T (MAPCAR (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (X) (<- X ':CLASS-CLASS-HIERARCHY)))
			      SUPERCLASS)))))

(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :CLASS-HIERARCHY) ()
  (<- (CLASS SELF) ':CLASS-CLASS-HIERARCHY))

(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :CLASS-SYMBOL-HIERARCHY) ()
  (CONS CLASS-SYMBOL (COND ((EQ CLASS-SYMBOL 'OBJECT-CLASS)
			    NIL)
			   ((ENTITYP SUPERCLASS)
			    (<- SUPERCLASS ':CLASS-SYMBOL-HIERARCHY))
			   (T (MAPCAR (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (X) (<- X ':CLASS-SYMBOL-HIERARCHY)))
				      SUPERCLASS)))))

(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :SYMBOL-HIERARCHY) ()
  (<- (CLASS SELF) ':CLASS-SYMBOL-HIERARCHY))

(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :PRINT) (&OPTIONAL (STREAM T) &REST IGNORE)
  (<-AS OBJECT-CLASS ':PRINT-SELF STREAM))

(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :PRINT-SELF) (&OPTIONAL (STREAM T) &REST IGNORE &AUX TEM)
  (COND ((NOT (ENTITYP SELF))
         (PRIN1 SELF STREAM))
        (T (PRINC "#<" STREAM)
           (PRIN1 (CLASS-NAME SELF) STREAM)
	   (COND ((SETQ TEM (ASS (FUNCTION STRING-EQUAL) "NAME" (CLOSURE-ALIST SELF)))
		  (TYO #/  STREAM)
		  (PRINC (CDR TEM) STREAM)
		  (AND PRINT-ENTITY-ADDRESSES-FLAG
		       (FORMAT STREAM " ~O" (%POINTER SELF)))
		  (TYO #/> STREAM))
		 (T
		  ;Unfortunately, this gets rid of self recursions but not mutual recursions
		  ;This is rather a crock anyway, comment it out.
;		  (MAPC #'(LAMBDA (E)
;       			    (FORMAT STREAM " ~S: ~S" (CAR E) ;Don't recurse infinitely!
;						     (IF (EQ (CDR E) SELF) 'SELF
;							 (CDR E))))
;			(CLOSURE-ALIST SELF))
		  (FORMAT STREAM " ~O" (%POINTER SELF))
		  (TYO #/> STREAM)))))
  SELF)

(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :DESCRIBE) (&OPTIONAL (STREAM STANDARD-OUTPUT) &REST IGNORE)
  (COND ((NOT (ENTITYP SELF))
	 (LET ((STANDARD-OUTPUT STREAM))
	   (DESCRIBE SELF)))
        (T (FORMAT STREAM "~%~S is an instance of ~S.~%Its components are:~%"
		   SELF (CLASS SELF))
           (MAPC (FUNCTION (LAMBDA (E) (FORMAT STREAM "~S: ~S~%" (CAR E) (CDR E))))
                 (CLOSURE-ALIST SELF))
	   (TERPRI STREAM)))
  SELF)

)  ;This closes the PROGN far above.  OK to generate ENTITIES since PRINT of them should
   ; work now

;; Ask a class which operations its instances handle.
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :CLASS-OPERATIONS) (&OPTIONAL (SUPERIORS-FLAG T))
    (DO ((ACCUM) (L (METHOD-LIST CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL) (CDR L)))
	((ATOM L)
	 (AND L SUPERIORS-FLAG (BOUNDP L)
              (NEQ (SYMEVAL L) SELF)
	      (SETQ ACCUM (UNION ACCUM (<- (SYMEVAL L) ':CLASS-OPERATIONS))))
	 ACCUM)
	(COND ((LISTP (CAR L))
	       (SETQ ACCUM (UNION ACCUM
				  (COND ((ATOM (CAAR L)) (LIST (CAAR L))) (T (CAAR L))))))
	      (SUPERIORS-FLAG
	       (SETQ ACCUM
		     (UNION ACCUM (<- (SYMEVAL (CAR L)) ':CLASS-OPERATIONS NIL)))))))

;; Ask an object which operations it handles.
;; This definition is sufficient except for objects with ideosyncratic handlers,
;; which don't exist yet.
(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :OPERATIONS) (&OPTIONAL (SUPERIORS-FLAG T))
    (<- (CLASS SELF) ':CLASS-OPERATIONS SUPERIORS-FLAG))

;; This message sent to a class returns the method used by that class
;; to handle the specified operation.  If there is none, NIL is returned.
;; If SUPERIORS-FLAG is NIL, then inherited methods are not searched.
;; This can be used to tell whether a class handles a certain operation at all,
;; or to get the handler once and call it many times, for efficiency.
;**can't use OPERATION as name of lambda variable, because that is used
;  to receive the message key!! crock**
(DEFMETHOD (CLASS-CLASS :METHOD-FOR) (OP &OPTIONAL (SUPERIORS-FLAG T))
    (DO ((L (METHOD-LIST CLASS-METHOD-SYMBOL) (CDR L)) (TEM))
	((ATOM L)
	 (AND L SUPERIORS-FLAG (BOUNDP L)
              (NEQ (SYMEVAL L) SELF)
	      (<- (SYMEVAL L) ':METHOD-FOR OP)))
	(COND ((LISTP (CAR L))
	       (AND (COND ((LISTP (CAAR L)) (MEMQ OP (CAAR L)))
			  (T (EQ OP (CAAR L))))
		    (RETURN (CDAR L))))
	      (SUPERIORS-FLAG
	       (AND (SETQ TEM (<- (SYMEVAL (CAR L)) ':METHOD-FOR OP NIL))
		    (RETURN TEM))))))

;; Ask an object how it will handle a given operation.
(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :HANDLER-FOR) (OP)  ;**likewise, dont call this OPERATION**
    (<- (CLASS SELF) ':METHOD-FOR OP))

;;; No documentation for default
(DEFMETHOD (OBJECT-CLASS :DOCUMENTATION) () NIL)

(DEFCLASS NUMBER-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS ())
(DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (NUMBER-CLASS :NEW) (&REST ARGS)
   (COND ((GET-FROM-ALTERNATING-LIST ARGS ':VALUE))
         (T 0)))

(DEFCLASS SYMBOL-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS ())
;I hope no one uses this method, since it doesn't work
(DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (SYMBOL-CLASS :NEW) (&REST ARGS)
    (LEXPR-FUNCALL 'MAKE-SYMBOL (GET-FROM-ALTERNATING-LIST ARGS ':PNAME) ARGS))

(DEFCLASS FIXNUM-CLASS NUMBER-CLASS ())
  ;GETS :NEW MESSAGE FROM NUMBER-CLASS

(DEFCLASS FLONUM-CLASS NUMBER-CLASS ())
(DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (FLONUM-CLASS :NEW) (&REST ARGS)
    (+ 0.0 (COND ((GET-FROM-ALTERNATING-LIST ARGS ':VALUE))
                 (T 0.0))))

(DEFCLASS ARRAY-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS ())
(DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (ARRAY-CLASS :NEW) (&REST ARGS)
    (LEXPR-FUNCALL 'MAKE-ARRAY ARGS))

(DEFCLASS CONS-CLASS OBJECT-CLASS ())
(DEFMETHOD-INSTANCE (CONS-CLASS :NEW) (&REST ARGS)
    (CONS (GET-FROM-ALTERNATING-LIST ARGS ':CAR)
          (GET-FROM-ALTERNATING-LIST ARGS ':CDR)))